last update January 2009
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... Common names: Pyramid Mullein. A really tall perennial, hardy to zone 4 or colder. NOT Low Maintenance. Of Erect habit, colonizing mainly by self-seeding. Vigorous, fast-growing and of biennial (2 year) lifespan. Height: to 7ft. Native to S Russia/ the Caucasus. A very showy plant which when well-grown can light up its corner of a dark yard like a set of torches. Recommended site: sun to part shade. Soil: fertile, light sandy loam, well-drained. Also good in heavier loam on a slope. May self seed here in some years, if the winter is not too warm and wet. Dense, compact foliage, coarse. Moderate-size glowing yellow flowers are borne on a very large Spike in about early summer. Heavily branched spike in a spectacular pyramid shape. Purplish anthers. Flowering is earlier than the other tall Verbascums (no cross-pollination). Some uses: Borders and Beds, Focus, in Shrubbery, Naturalizing Meadows.
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synonyms Veronica spicata ssp. spicata; Veronica kellerei... Common names: Spike Speedwell. A low to mid-height perennial, hardy to zone 3. LOW MAINTENANCE. Of Upright habit, colonizing mainly by slowly creeping rootstocks. Vigorous, fast-growing and of long lifespan. Height: to 1½-2½', and 1½' wide. Native to Europe and Asia: England/ Russia/ Siberia/ NW China. Perhaps the most widely grown Veronica in our climate? Easy and hardy and fairly showy. Recommended site: sun to part shade. Soil: most any fertile to normal, reliably moist but well-drained. Naturally occurs in grassland and on rocky hills, usually on limestone. Best in full sun; will take some drought; heat tolerant. Dense, compact foliage, of fine texture. Tiny blue-ish violet flowers are borne on a moderate-size Spike for a very long period from summer to autumn. Heavily flowered, well-branched. Some uses: Borders and Beds, Edgings, Mass Planting, Rock Gardens, Cut Flowers, Naturalizing.
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A good red/ rose flowered form of the above, somewhat shorter at about 14 in tall.
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synonyms Veronica latifolia? ... Common names: Creeping Speedwell; Hungarian Speedwell. A low perennial, hardy to zone 3. LOW MAINTENANCE. Of Sprawling habit, colonizing mainly by slowly creeping rootstocks. Vigorous, fast-growing and of long lifespan. Height: to 6-20", and 2' wide. Native to Central Europe (and New Zealand as V. latifolia?). Forms a tangly clump of foliage. Usually sprawling if in overly-fertile soil. Has started to self-seed into path areas since the honey-bee colony was set up. Recommended site: sun or light shade. Soil: fertile to good, most any, reliably moist but well-drained. I recommend a poor sandy soil to try to counteract the floppy habit. Foliage of fine texture. Tiny flowers of rich sky blue are borne on a short Spike for a few weeks in late spring. Free-blooming with deadheading. Some uses: Borders and Beds, Edgings, Groundcover, Mass Planting, Rock Gardens, Cut Flowers, Honey Bees, Naturalizing.
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(Royalty paid)... Common names: Myrtle; Trailing Myrtle; Dwarf Periwinkle; Common Periwinkle; Lesser Periwinkle. A very low small shrub, hardy to zone 3. Of prostrate habit, colonizing mainly by moderately spreading stolons. Slow-growing and of very long lifespan. Height: to 4-6 in, and 3ft or more wide. Species native to Europe and W Asia; naturalized in E NAm including throughout NS. Long trailing branches, rooting at nodes to form mats. 'Illumination' is a rather newly discovered cultivar with a wonderful foliage colour. Likely less vigorous than the normal green-leafed species but more vigorous than other variegated types I've tried. It is sometimes mistakenly listed as Vinca major 'Illumination'. Recommended site: shade. Soil: most any normal fertile soil, reliably moist but well-drained especially in winter. When grown in sun in this climate will probably need winter protection from sun and wind where snow is not reliable. Flowering is best in open shade. Dense, compact evergreen foliage; of fine texture: luminous yellow-green with a narrow dark edge. Shiny, smooth; oval, about 1-2in long. Leathery. Oppositely paired. Small flowers are borne as individuals freely. Flower colour: pale violet. Flowers held above foliage on short erect stems. Blooms profusely in late spring, sporadically thereafter. Some uses: Accent, Edgings, in Shrubbery, Foliage, Naturalizing Woodlands.
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... Common names: Viola; Violet. A very low perennial, hardy to zone 4 or colder. Of Sprawling habit, colonizing mainly by self-seeding. Vigorous, fast-growing. Height: to 8", and 1'+ wide. An Ontario wildflower (and no doubt more widespread), one of several almost indistinguishable species, which may or may not be native here. Recommended site: part shade. Soil: reliably moist but well-drained. Probably not very fussy about conditions. Large (3-4") heart-shaped leaves of fresh green, somewhat hairy. Disappointingly small soft yellow flowers usually almost hidden below the leaves in late spring, more of a foliage plant really. Some uses: Edgings, Foliage, Wildflower, Naturalizing Woodlands.
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also known as V. adunca var. minor.. Common names: Labrador Violet; Alpine Violet. A very low perennial, hardy to zone 2. Of Rounded habit, colonizing mainly by slowly spreading stolons.Moderately quick-growing and of long lifespan. Height: to 1-4 in, and 1 ft wide. Native to E NAm: arctic/ New Hampshire; (Colorado/ California in the mountains?); and to Greenland. Spreading by short stolons and can be expected to seed about. A good groundcover especially around woody plants and with woodland bulbs, with good traffic tolerance. Although there is some issue that many plants sold as V labradorica are actually V. riviniana purpurea, these are the proper thing. Recommended site: open shade. Soil: mildly acidic peaty loam, largely organic, reliably moist but well-drained especially in winter. Reported to tolerate more sun in cool locations. Said to tolerate dry shade. Dense, compact foliage, deep green; of fine texture. Usually evergreen. Leaves fairly smooth on top; to 1 in long; heart-shaped. This form has deep purplish leaves but the colour will probably vary from green to purple depending on site and time of year; warmer=greener, usually. Small faintly fragrant violet flowers are borne as individuals for a month in late spring. Pale to deep violet in the species, these are all mid-violet-ish. Very floriferous during its bloom season. May flower sporadically in autumn. Some uses: Borders and Beds, in Shrubbery, Foliage, Groundcover, Rock Gardens, Kitchen Herb, Butterflies and/or caterpillars, Naturalizing Woodlands.
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